Phobias and Panic Disorder

A phobia is an intense fear of a specific object, animal, or situation. People often go to great lengths to avoid whatever they fear, which can interfere with their daily life. Phobias can impact relationships, work, school, and other daily activities.

Panic disorder involves experiencing repeated, unexpected panic attacks. A panic attack is a sudden wave of intense fear or terror that lasts for a brief period. It is accompanied by physical symptoms such as a racing heart, shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, trembling, sweating, or nausea. Some individuals feel as if they’re having a heart attack or suffocating, or even fear that they might die. However, panic attacks typically subside on their own.

Who does it affect?
Anyone can experience a panic disorder or phobia. While the exact causes aren’t fully understood, these conditions are believed to result from a combination of life experiences, family history, and previous physical or mental health issues.

What can I do about it?
People who struggle with anxiety often realize that their fears are irrational but may feel powerless to control them. The good news is that both phobias and panic disorders are treatable.

Sometimes, physical health problems such as heart or thyroid issues can cause panic-like symptoms. A doctor will assess all possible causes to ensure there’s no underlying medical condition contributing to the experience.

How can I help a loved one?
Supporting a loved one who is experiencing anxiety can be challenging, especially if you don’t share the same fears. You might also feel impacted by their anxiety. With the right support and tools, people can manage their anxiety and return to their usual activities. Here are some tips for helping a loved one:

Understand that thoughts and behaviors linked to anxiety are not part of a person's character or personality.
While their fears may seem unrealistic to you, they are very real for your loved one.
It's natural to want to protect a loved one, but accommodating anxious behaviors (such as doing things for them that they avoid) can make it harder for them to learn new coping skills.
If their anxiety is affecting you or your family, family counseling may be helpful. It can provide tools to strengthen relationships and support everyone involved.
Be patient—learning and practicing new coping strategies takes time. Celebrate small successes when you see your loved one using these skills or making progress.
Set personal boundaries and seek support for yourself when necessary.